THEME OR ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:
What are the effects of colonization?
What is the role of nationalism as a force opposed to colonialism?

TIME REQUIRED: Activity (45-60 minutes)Reflective essay (20-30 minutes)

SUGGESTED GRADE LEVELS: 9 - 12

NJ CORE CONTENT STANDARDS: 6.3, 6.4, and 6.5

INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:

• Students will understand the origins of the apartheid system in South Africa.
• Students will relate the black conscious movement of South Africa to the Civil Rights movement of the U.S.
• Students will identify the important figures and events of the apartheid era.
• Students will learn what really happened to Steve Biko, the subject of Cry Freedom.

Strategies: (Students should have previously viewed the video Cry Freedom)

• Students teach the unit: Divide class into 5 Groups.
• Each group will study a portion of the text dealing with South Africa or an article.
• Groups then report to class. Identify all people and incidents mentioned.  Define all terms.  Other students take notes.
  • Group 1: “A Policy of Forced Segregation” (Text page 139)
  • Group 2: “Struggle Against Apartheid” (Text Page 140)
  • Group 3: “Steps Toward Change” (Text Page 142)
  • Group 4: “South African Torturers” (describe police torture methods)
  • Group 5: “Requiem for A Heavyweight” (What really happened to Biko?)
• As a follow-up students go on line to www.africanews.org and search South Africa for an update on the situation in South Africa.  Relate news stories to information learned in the class. Students may also go to http://www.anc.org.za to view logo of ANC and information on Nelson Mandela.

MATERIALS:

• Global MosaicText and articles entitled “Requiem for a Heavyweight” and “South African Torturers.”
• Large sheets of paper and markers.

REFERENCES:

• VIDEO: Cry Freedom
• TEXT: Global Mosaic
• Woods, Donald “Requiem for a Heavyweight,” Newsweek, February 10,1997.
• Daley, Suzanne “Apartheid Torturer Testifies as Evil Shows Its Banal Face,” New York Times, November 9, 1997.
• INTERNET: www.africanews.org
• www.anc.org.za